Transoral Thyroidectomy is a modern approach to treating thyroid diseases, which are common endocrine disorders globally, such as hyperthyroidism, thyrotoxicosis, and thyroid tumors.
Thyroid gland
The thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped structure at the base of the neck, produces hormones crucial for regulating metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate. These secretions are controlled by the pituitary gland and hypothalamus.
Studies show, only 15 % of thyroid diseases are due to genetic factors, many individuals remain unaware they have thyroid conditions, highlighting the importance of early detection and treatment options like transoral thyroidectomy.
Symptoms of thyroid disease
Symptoms vary depending on the disease and include:
- Thyroid nodules: Solid or fluid-filled lumps that appear in the thyroid gland and may be single or multiple.
- Enlarged thyroid gland (goiter): This may be caused by iodine deficiency or by an overactive gland.
- Hypothyroidism: Symptoms include general fatigue, weight gain, dry skin, and excessive sensitivity to cold.
- Hyperthyroidism: This leads to rapid weight loss and a rapid heartbeat.
If any abnormal symptoms appear, an accurate diagnosis must be made to receive timely and appropriate treatment.
Hyperthyroidism treatment
Treatments include:
- Anti-thyroid medications such as propylthiouracil and methimazole.
- Radioactive iodine: Absorbed by the thyroid gland, effectively reducing its size.
Thyroid nodules
Thyroid nodules require removal of the gland if they affect vital functions or cause concern for the patient due to the possibility of cancer in some cases. Traditional methods include open thyroidectomy, but it leaves a visible scar on the neck, which negatively affects appearance and self-confidence.
Scarless thyroid surgery: Optimal solution
Laparoscopic transoral thyroidectomy is a modern technique performed through small incisions in the oral cavity, between the gums and lower lip, leaving no visible skin scars.
Cases suitable for transoral endoscopic surgery
- The size of the nodules should be between 4-6 centimeters.
- There should be no previous surgeries on the chin or neck.
- No radiologic history of the neck.
- The patient must be suitable for general anesthesia.
Process steps
- Three small incisions are made in the oral cavity to insert surgical instruments.
- The thyroid gland is meticulously removed while preserving the laryngeal nerves responsible for the vocal cords.
- Healing is faster because oral wounds heal faster than skin wounds.
Advantages of transoral endoscopic surgery
- No skin scars: The incisions are hidden inside the mouth.
- Save the vocal nerves: The laryngeal nerves are monitored during the procedure to minimize vocal complications.
- Fast recovery: Faster recovery and less pain compared to traditional surgeries.
- Superior cosmetic results: The patient returns to normal life within one to two weeks.
Comparison between transoral endoscopic thyroid surgery and conventional surgery
Transoral thyroidectomy is superior to traditional techniques and long-access surgeries, such as axillary and behind-the-ear approaches, in terms of:
- Minimize the need for tissue dissection.
- Absolutely no skin scarring.
- Optimize recovery time and rest after the procedure.
Abstract
Transoral thyroidectomy offers an ideal solution for patients who prioritize aesthetics and procedure outcomes. With advancements in medical technology, this technique represents a revolutionary step toward balancing effective treatment with aesthetic concerns.
Are you considering this surgery? Contact us now for an expert consultation.